ABSTRACT
To determine the distribution of clinical symptoms based on the gender and age of patients with Carpel Tunnel Syndrome [CTS]. A cross-sectional observational study. Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia, from April 2009 to June 2011. Two hundred and twenty seven subjects with carpal tunnel syndrome symptom were recruited. CTS was diagnosed based on the clinical history and examination. For further confirmation of CTS symptoms, nerve conduction studies [NCS] were conducted. There were 67 [29.5%] males and 160 [70.5%] females with mean age of 47.79 A +/- 5.53 years. Distributions of symptoms were 34.3% at the level of whole three lateral fingers, 14.9% were at the level of hand and forearm, was common in males compared to females. However, 48.8% symptoms at the level of whole hand, and 11.3% at the tips of the three lateral fingers were common in females compared to males. Distribution of symptoms in the whole three lateral fingers [41.6%] were significantly higher [p = 0.0001] in patients who were more than 50 years of age and symptoms at the level of wrist region [12.7%] were significantly higher [p = 0.001] in patients with age group less than 50 years. The distribution of CTS symptoms at the level of whole of three lateral fingers, hand and forearm were higher in males compared to females, and symptoms at the lateral three tips of the fingers and whole hand were common in females compared to males. Furthermore, the symptoms in whole three lateral fingers were higher in patients with more than 50 years of age and at the level of wrist region were higher in patients with age less than 50 years
ABSTRACT
To determine the possible relation between delayed language development [DLD], epilepsy and epileptiform Electroencephalogram [EEG] discharges in Saudi children. This study was conducted in King Abdulaziz University Hospital, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. In this study 116 pediatric patients with delayed language development and similar number of age and sex matched controls were studied. The age range for both groups was 2-8 years. Children with intelligence quotient less than 70, hearing impairment and radiological evidence of structural cerebral disease were excluded from the study. Sleep and awake EEG was recorded in each case. The EEG was reviewed by a clinical neurophysiologist and a pediatric neurologist. Within the DLD group of children, 12.07% had epilepsy. This is significantly different [p<0.001] from the control group in which none of the children had epilepsy. In DLD group 26 patients [22.41%] had epileptiform discharges in their Electroencephalogram. However, in control group only one child [0.86%] had epileptiform discharges. The delayed language development patients had a significantly higher percentage of abnormal EEGs, p<0.001 compared to the control group. Furthermore, out of the 102 DLD patients, who had no seizure, 12 [11.76%], had epileptiform discharges in their EEG. It is concluded that the children with delayed language development are associated with higher prevalence of epileptiform EEG discharges and epilepsy compared to their control
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Electroencephalography , Child , EpilepsyABSTRACT
Many tests of autonomic functions are simple, safe, non-invasive and not costly. They can be used, together with other investigations, to gauge physical fitness in young people about to enter military academies and about to take part in competitive sport. By revealing subtle abnormalities in autonomic cardiovascular control, they can help to reduce the incidence of sudden death during athletic competitions. They can also help the anaesthetist to pick out subjects with hypersensitive vagal reflexes who are prone to develop cardiac arrest or other complications during clinical manipulations. Moreover, they can be employed as' simple bedside tests in the outpatient clinic or medical ward in a wide spectrum of conditions which affect autonomic functions. In this brief review the physiological basis of a few selected tests will be discussed